Sunday 25 April 2010

Doublethink – the ethos of South Africa?

I finished George Orwell’s masterpiece Nineteen Eighty-Four this weekend. It was with much anguish that I read some chapters recognising my country’s government and apparatchiks in the “Party” as mentioned in the book.

I wrote the following to the leader of a political party not very long ago:

The trend of the current Executive is to play demagogue to cling onto support, a classic case of Scapegoating/McCarthyism plays itself out each day. I am really unable to recognise the difference between Orwell's 1984 and the current regime. The irony, which is so uncanny, is really very saddening.

In reply the leader of the political party sent out a newsletter containing the same sentiment:

The utterances of the ANC today have all the hallmarks of the double-think of George Orwell’s 1984. If you haven’t read the book, double-think involves holding two contradictory ideas in your head at the same time. This means that when your actions contradict your words, you actually believe your own propaganda.

One might think it is quite a stretch to link up doublethink with the current regime’s stance on Pink rights – alas, and sadly so, it is actually very easy.

Doublethink entails holding a dichotomous stance on an issue and acting out whichever placates the Executive and the cronies and cadres.

I thought of a simple example while debating the current Zeitgeist with an American who grew up in South Africa, who also understands the contradictions in South African society. In South Africa we are in the unique position of having laws that are far ahead of social progress. I don’t think the same situation exists elsewhere.

The prime example of an act spurred on by doublethink is the appointment of Jon Qwelane as High Commissioner to Uganda while Qwelane is still to face trial here in an Equality Court case regarding an alleged hate speech article of 2008. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa guarantees gay rights but the president decides to send a clear message to the South African Pink community that the government of the day supposedly believes in Pink rights and the nullification of the equality and dignity of the Pink community albeit initially symbolically.

Another very recent example is a protest which was planned for Freedom Day 2010 to protest the Ugandan and American governments. The Pink community has the right to hold a peaceful protest according to law but the contradictory stance is taken officially when the Tshwane Metro Police comes up with lacklustre excuses of not having enough manpower for the protest and then in the same vein making it very clear that protesters will be arrested.

The old adage is true: actions speak louder than words. The Constitution is just a piece of paper and not even worth the paper it’s printed on if the provisions contained are not implemented or in the current instance defiled and subverted.

Beware the Thought Police, they are sure to follow...

Sunday 11 April 2010

Was Eugene gay?

The pivotal question was asked by The Sunday Independent. The alleged white trash newspaper of South Africa (“Sondag”) allegedly accused the “English press” of irresponsible reporting. Sondag could not fathom why the mean English press could be so callous and questions some of the logic of the allegation. Sondag states that “the average 15-year-old rentboy isn’t usually so zealous to see his gay lover that he would kill his dogs and break into his house.”

Sondag reports that field marshal lieutenant colonel captain Adele Myburgh, spokesperson of the police in the North West Province, said the story by the Saturday Star was hogwash and that they could say with 100% certainty that no condom was found on the scene. Field marshal lieutenant colonel captain Myburgh also said, according to the yellow journalism rag, that the police had a bone to pick with the Saturday Star. Field marshal lieutenant colonel captain Myburgh also said that rape could not be ruled out though.

Sondag reports that Pieter Steyn, new don’t-touch-me-on-my-studio spokesperson for the AWB, also believes that the sex scandal story is absurd. Steyn allegedly re-establishes the alleged white supremacist agenda by stating to Sondag: “[w]e consider it a lie. Eugene could have been raped. His murderers are not intelligent enough to know that something like DNA-testing existed.”

The alleged “alleged” condom was sent to the police forensics unit in Pretoria according to the Saturday Star but everyone allegedly knows that this centre allegedly has a two year backlog and allegedly a tendency that specimens go rancid before they can be analysed.

The Sunday Independent reports today in a front page article “[w]as ET gay and bonking darkies?” that the AWB emphatically denies the condom allegation and said that the Terre’Blanche family along with the AWB will see the Saturday Star in court. The Sunday Independent also reports that Terre’Blanche was allegedly seen buying liquor with the two accused on the day of the murder.

Meanwhile the Sunday Times has a front page article “ET wanted to sodomise me, says accused”. According to the paper a lawyer acting on behalf of one of the accused said, “[m]y instructions from my client are that there was some sodomy going on and it sparked the murder of Mr Terre Blance. This is going to form part of our defence during the trial.”

The City Press reports on page 3 that “AWB leader Eugene Terre’Blanche could have been killed during an alcohol-fuelled homosexual sex encounter on his farm, investigators revealed.” The City Press further reports that Supreme Crime-fighting Genius Alleged Cadre-Deployed General Jan Mabula, head of the Hawks Special Crimes Investigation Unit in the North West, “has confirmed the possibility that Terre’Blanche’s murder could be investigated as a sex crime.” The paper continues that “three police sources in Ventersdorp, two working for crime intelligence, told City Press that the investigation included the possibility that Terre’Blanche was having sex with the 15-year-old.”

“Meanwhile, questions have also been raised about Terre’Blanche’s relationship with a young member of the AWB who spent a lot of time on his farm,” the City Press reports.

Rapport confirms the report in the City Press that the boy mentioned slept in Terre’Blanche’s arms. “[N]ew AWB leader Steyn van Ronge said Terre’Blanche ‘took pity’ on the child because he came from a broken home. The boy’s uncle said the boy had since been moved to a place of safety and that he was not aware of allegations that the boy had been sexually abused.”

Six newspapers later and an elaborate investigative trip from Johannesburg to Pretoria to Midrand and back, there is still no clarity regarding the ruckus brought on by that famous alleged condom.

A few things are clear. Independent Newspapers’ The Sunday Independent reports on a supposed rumour and ruckus caused by sister paper the Saturday Star and it is uncertain whether the journalists at the Saturday Star had something leaked to them. Maybe the Saturday Star paid more attention to the defence lawyer? It is clear that Rapport, Sunday Times, and City Press are all a bit more cautious in their reports. It is also clear that Sondag is taking a clear stand in supporting the renunciation of the AWB.

Then again this journalist had to drive all the way to a dodgy part of town in Pretoria to buy the Sondag and did so swiftly as if buying contraband. Then again there are fully exposed bosoms on page 3, a full report with photos on a dachshund unfortunate enough to be inhumanely castrated by a couple of lesbians, and of course the most offensive terms possible were used.

Never a dull moment in South Africa...

(Photo by: Cobus Fourie, shot on location - Park Street, Pretoria, 11 April 2010)

Sunday 04 April 2010

The folly of the socially-imposed dichotomies of gender and sexual orientation

I have often struggled with conformity in general. My biography places prominence on the notion of nonconformity. I have wondered since I was very little why some things were assumed to be true with no questioning. I always, to this very day, want to know the “why” and “how come” of everything. My erstwhile doctor said it was unbefitting of a 26 year old to be so curious. I interjected and said it would make me a lemming otherwise. My doctor had no clue why I insisted to be a very difficult patient and always demanded on official diagnoses and explanations on pharmaceuticals dished out. I did not realise it then but I was also basking in and entertaining dichotomies and taxonomies.

I'm at risk of inducing a feeling of "not again! Typical. Cliché." But one has to work through these issues. This dissection of the cultural constructs we so often take for granted aims to provide insight into these issues.

I often ask questions (some considered sensitive) to people who are able to provide insight I would otherwise not be able to attain. I can imagine how it might feel being questioned though as I very often field questions regarding the gay issue and had to explain and defend politely so many times to colleagues and others that I stopped counting. But I guess asking is better than assuming so I always treat the situation calmly and with rational constraint.

Many harbour the notion of masculine versus feminine and after years of social progress, heterosexual versus homosexual. These dichotomies are huge largely false social constructs only used to vilify those not exactly fitting into the quaint pigeonholes. Sure, there are people who exist within the tight confounds of these dichotomies but statistically these are a very tiny percentage of the total population.

In Statistics 110 you are taught all and sundry about the Bell Graph or otherwise known as the Normal Distribution. This graph explains many natural phenomena like the distribution of intelligence and even something as simple as test scores. It introduces the concept of the continuum or spectrum between two determined points on either terminal. The premise of the Bell Graph is that the greatest proportion of a sample is presented in the middle of the two extremes.

Does this mean that the majority of people are bisexual and neither wholly masculine nor feminine? It might be pure conjecture but extending a known concept to match aforementioned makes perfect sense. If it applies to so many other human phenomena, why could it not apply to gender and sexual orientation? Judging the diagram drawn up by Kinsey it seems it would have been too controversial to declare most people bisexual.

The Kinsey Scale was probably a revolutionary concept at the time of its formulation circa 1948. Kinsey contended in 1948 that “males do not represent two discrete populations, heterosexual and homosexual. The world is not to be divided into sheep and goats. It is a fundamental of taxonomy that nature rarely deals with discrete categories... The living world is a continuum in each and every one of its aspects”

Kinsey goes further to elaborate on the scale:

0- Exclusively heterosexual with no homosexual

1- Predominantly heterosexual, only incidentally homosexual

2- Predominantly heterosexual, but more than incidentally homosexual

3- Equally heterosexual and homosexual

4- Predominantly homosexual, but more than incidentally heterosexual

5- Predominantly homosexual, only incidentally heterosexual

6- Exclusively homosexual

The University of Albany confirms the notion of continuums of sexual orientation, gender and sex.

It illustrates it as follows:

Sexual Orientation Continuum:

<--------------------------------------------------------------->

Heterosexual Bisexual Gay/Lesbian

Gender Identity Continuum:

<--------------------------------------------------------------->

Masculine Transgender Feminine

Biological Continuum:

<--------------------------------------------------------------->

Male Intersexed Female


The continuum of self-identity for gender and sexuality confirms and supplies a bit more on aforementioned. Girshick elaborates on the various continua but includes a two-tier approach which I find problematic as it reintroduces a dichotomy into a continuum. I find it quite paradoxical.

Girshick states the following on gender identity:

The Gender Identity Continuum: Our internal sense of gender relates to our feelings of being a man or a woman. Traditionally it was believed that if you felt masculine you would not feel feminine, and vice versa. But some people feel differing degrees of masculinity and differing degrees of femininity. Some people do not feel particularly like a man or a woman, and some feel they are both. Having parallel continuums where degrees of “man” and of “woman” can coexist help us capture a broader range of gender identity experiences.

Reicherzer and Anderson confirms the gender continuum and expands it to sex, gender identity, gender expression and sexual orientation. The United States National Institutes of Health also has material on the gender continuum

It is though noted that none of the continua I could find noted definite values and distribution figures or standard deviation confirmations. It would be interesting to see the actual distribution on the various continua, given that the sample data is representative and free or error, bias and contains responses from truthful respondents without the truthfulness of the sample causing bias in the data.

In light of above I have a clearer understanding of the Q in the Pink community acronym. I suppose it represents the Not Otherwise Specified out there repudiating dichotomies and the ties attached to labels.

Would I call myself queer? I do sometimes. Do I see myself as entirely masculine? A definite no. Do I see myself as entirely homosexual? A definite yes. Do I see myself as completely conforming to the various gay stereotypes? Also no.

So I must be queer.